Technology · NASDAQ: WDC
Western Digital: how the business works
Western Digital makes hard disk drives, mostly for cloud data centers, with revenue of $12.9 billion in FY2026.
By Hardik Bhandare · Checked against filings: . Editorial policy. Corrections
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Western Digital Corporation · San Jose, California · Founded 1970
Updated for Q1 FY2027 · checked
- Revenue, FY2026
- $12.9B
- Operating income, FY2026
- $4.5B
- Net income, FY2026 (incl. Sandisk share gain)
- $9.4B
- Revenue, Q1 FY2027
- $4.4B
- Employees, July 2026
- About 40,000
The short version
Western Digital in 5 points
1 · What it sells
Western Digital makes hard disk drives, mostly high-capacity drives for cloud data centers, and had FY2026 revenue of $12.9 billion.
2 · Who pays it
In FY2026, cloud and enterprise data centers (Cloud) paid 88.9% of revenue, PC makers and channel customers (Client) 5.6%, and retail and channel partners serving shoppers (Consumer) 5.4%.
3 · What it keeps from $100
Of every $100 that came in during FY2026, Western Digital kept $48.4 as net income, including a $6.5 billion non-operating gain on Sandisk shares, while operating income was $34.5 per $100 of revenue.
4 · Where the operating profit comes from
Western Digital has one reportable segment, hard drives, and does not report profit by end market; its total FY2026 operating income was $4.5 billion.
5 · The one thing to watch
Western Digital's gross margin was 22.2% in FY2023 and 57.8% in Q1 FY2027, and in that quarter its Cloud price per exabyte was about 25% higher than a year earlier.
Sources: From Western Digital's FY2026 and FY2025 10-Ks, Q1 FY2027 10-Q and Q1 FY2027 earnings release · checked
See the full receipt and the management scorecard below
01Where the money goes · FY2026
Where does $100 of Western Digital's money go?
Western Digital · FY2026
Receipt for every $100
| Cost of revenue | $33.9 |
|---|---|
| Research and development | $6.0 |
| Selling, general and admin | $2.8 |
| Business realignment charges | $0.8 |
| Interest, exchange costs and other | $5.6 |
| Income tax | $2.5 |
| Kept as net income | $48.4 |
| Total | $100 |
Each line = amount ÷ total money in × 100. Lines may not add to exactly $100 because of rounding.
How this is worked out
Cityfort calculation from the FY2026 10-K. Of every $100 that came in during FY2026 (revenue plus the Sandisk share gain and interest income): each line = line ÷ $19.5 billion × 100. The profit line includes the $6.5 billion gain on Sandisk shares, which is not cash from customers.
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02The business in one line
What does Western Digital do?
Cloud data center operators, PC makers and retail partners pay Western Digital for hard drives; most of the money goes on making them, and FY2026 left $34.5 of operating income per $100 of revenue.
- Cloud customers brought in 88.9% of FY2026 revenue. The top 10 customers bought 73%, and three of them each bought 10% or more.
- Western Digital spun off its flash memory business as Sandisk on Feb 21, 2025. Every figure on this page covers hard drives only.
03Who pays it
Who pays Western Digital?
Cloud and enterprise data centers (Cloud)
89%
of revenue
Hyperscale cloud service providers, neoclouds and enterprise customers buying high-capacity drives. Cloud was 88% of revenue in Q1 FY2027.
PC makers and channel customers (Client)
6%
of revenue
Makers of desktop and notebook computers, and channel customers, buying drives built into PCs.
Retail and channel partners serving shoppers (Consumer)
5%
of revenue
Retailers and channel partners that sell Western Digital's external drives to shoppers.
- Cloud and enterprise data centers (Cloud)89%
- PC makers and channel customers (Client)6%
- Retail and channel partners serving shoppers (Consumer)5%
Customer concentration
Top 10 customers were 73% of FY2026 revenue, up from 55% in FY2024, and three customers bought 16%, 15% and 13%. In Q1 FY2027 the top 10 were 64%, and two customers bought 14% and 13%. End-market shares are a Cityfort calculation from the FY2026 10-K.
- Largest customer
- 16%
- Top 10 customers
- 73%
04Why it makes money
Why does Western Digital make money?
The price of storage, as well as the amount sold, decides how much Western Digital earns.
In Q1 FY2027 revenue rose by $1.56 billion from a year earlier (13 weeks against 14), while cost of revenue rose by $256 million. Gross margin was 22.2% in FY2023 and 57.8% in Q1 FY2027. The 10-K lists swings in demand and prices among its risks.
Gross profit per $100 of revenue
$22.2$57.8
FY2023 to Q1 FY2027
- Cloud customers buy storage, measured in exabytes
- Western Digital makes its own heads and disks
- Its plants in Asia and California assemble and test the drives
- Higher-capacity drives lower the cost of each unit of storage over time
- The price per exabyte moves with demand and supply
- Price gains reach gross profit with a smaller rise in cost
↺ Step 6 feeds back into step 1.
05Business segments · FY2026
Which businesses make up Western Digital?
Cloud
89%Drives for cloud and enterprise data centers. Q1 FY2027 revenue was $3.87 billion, up 54%, on more than 20% more exabytes shipped and an about 25% higher price per exabyte.
Revenue $11.5B
Client
6%Drives for desktop and notebook PCs. Q1 FY2027 revenue was $320 million, up 119%, on about 15% more exabytes and an about 90% higher price per exabyte.
Revenue $726M
Consumer
5%External drives for shoppers. Q1 FY2027 revenue was $193 million, up 19%, as an about 70% higher price per exabyte outweighed about 30% fewer exabytes.
Revenue $703M
How the mix changed
- Cloud
- Client
- Consumer
Revenue by segment, FY2022 to FY2026.
US$
See the numbers
Sources (4)
- 8-K filed Apr 7, 2025, Ex. 99.1: preliminary unaudited financials recast with the Flash business as discontinued operations (FY2022-FY2024, Q1 FY2024-Q2 FY2025)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
06The numbers · Consolidated · US$
How has Western Digital done?
Revenue
$12.9BFY2026
Hard drive revenue fell to $6.3 billion in FY2023, rose to $12.9 billion in FY2026 and reached $4.4 billion in Q1 FY2027 alone.
US$
See the numbers
Net profit
$9.3BFY2026
Net income to common stockholders went from a $926 million loss in FY2023 to $9.3 billion in FY2026, which included a $6.5 billion gain on Sandisk shares.
US$
See the numbers
Profit kept per $100 of revenue
$72.0FY2026
Net income per $100 of revenue went from a $14.8 loss in FY2023 to $72.0 in FY2026, lifted by the Sandisk share gain, while operating income was $34.5 per $100 in FY2026.
$ of profit per $100 of revenue (net margin)
See the numbers
Free cash flow
$3.5BFY2026
Free cash flow went from negative $1.2 billion in FY2023 to $3.5 billion in FY2026; years up to FY2025 include the flash business until Feb 21, 2025.
US$ · cash from operations minus spending on plants and equipment
See the numbers
See all yearly numbers
EBITDA here = operating income plus depreciation and amortization (from the cash flow statement). Fiscal years are the company's own (ends on the Friday nearest June 30; FY2026 ended Jul 3, 2026 and had 53 weeks, and Q1 FY2026 had 14. Revenue, profit and EPS are continuing operations (hard drives only, without the flash business spun off as Sandisk); FY2022 is a preliminary, unaudited recast from the 8-K filed Apr 7, 2025). Net profit is the share belonging to the company's owners. Total net income differs from net profit to the company's owners: FY2026 net income was $9,424 million, all from hard drives. After $12 million of preferred dividends, $126 million allocated to the preferred stock before its Feb 2026 conversion and a $12 million diluted re-allocation, $9,298 million belonged to common stockholders. Both include a $6,498 million gain on Sandisk shares.
Download Western Digital's yearly and quarterly numbers (CSV, with source ids)
Learn: Fiscal years that don't end in December: Nvidia's FY2027 explained · Stock-based compensation and dilution: pay that becomes shares
Sources (11)
- 8-K filed Apr 7, 2025, Ex. 99.1: preliminary unaudited financials recast with the Flash business as discontinued operations (FY2022-FY2024, Q1 FY2024-Q2 FY2025)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2024 (year ended Jun 28, 2024)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- Q1 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 30, 2025)
- Q2 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jan 29, 2026)
- Q3 fiscal 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Apr 30, 2025)
- Q3 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Apr 30, 2026)
- Q4 fiscal 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jul 30, 2025)
- Q4 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Aug 5, 2026)
- Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026)
07Who runs it
Who runs Western Digital, and did they deliver?
Irving Tan
Chief Executive Officer · since 2025
CEO since February 2025. FY2026 total pay was $17.2 million, 1,457 times the median employee's $11,787.
Kris Sennesael
Chief Financial Officer
Named as CFO in the Q1 FY2027 earnings release.
Martin I. Cole
Independent Chair of the Board · since 2025
Chair since February 2025. The Board keeps the Chair and CEO roles separate.
What they said, and what happened
5 delivered · 1 too early to tell
Said on Jul 30, 2025
Western Digital guided Q1 FY2026 revenue of $2.70 billion, plus or minus $100 million.
DeliveredWhat happened
Reported revenue of $2.82 billion, above the range. The quarter had 14 weeks.
Said on Oct 30, 2025
Western Digital guided Q2 FY2026 revenue of $2.9 billion, plus or minus $100 million.
DeliveredWhat happened
Reported revenue of $3.02 billion, above the range.
Said on Jan 29, 2026
Western Digital guided Q3 FY2026 revenue of $3.2 billion, plus or minus $100 million.
DeliveredWhat happened
Reported revenue of $3.34 billion, above the range.
Said on Apr 30, 2026
Western Digital guided Q4 FY2026 revenue of $3.65 billion, plus or minus $100 million.
DeliveredWhat happened
Reported revenue of $3.75 billion, within the range and above its midpoint.
Said on Aug 5, 2026
Western Digital guided Q1 FY2027 revenue of $4.1 billion, plus or minus $100 million, and non-GAAPThe company's own "adjusted" numbers, not the official (GAAP) ones. Always read them next to the official figure. Learn more diluted EPS of $4.00, plus or minus $0.15.
DeliveredWhat happened
Reported revenue of $4.38 billion and non-GAAP diluted EPS of $4.64, both above the range. GAAP diluted EPS was $4.63.
Said on Oct 22, 2026
Western Digital guided Q2 FY2027 revenue of $5.1 billion, plus or minus $100 million.
Too early to tellWhat happened
Q2 FY2027 results are not out yet.
Sources (7)
- 2026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026)
- Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026)
- Q4 fiscal 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jul 30, 2025)
- Q1 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 30, 2025)
- Q2 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jan 29, 2026)
- Q3 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Apr 30, 2026)
- Q4 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Aug 5, 2026)
08What could go wrong
What could go wrong for Western Digital?
- Concentration
A few large customers buy most of the drives
The top 10 customers bought 73% of FY2026 revenue, and three bought 16%, 15% and 13%. At Oct 2, 2026 three customers made up 21%, 14% and 12% of receivables, money customers still owe. The 10-K says hyperscale customers could lower their investment in AI infrastructure.
Watch The customer note in each 10-Q and 10-K.
- Pricing
Prices and demand for storage move both ways
Hard drive revenue fell 30.8% in FY2023, when the operating loss was $548 million. Gross margin was 22.2% that year and 57.8% in Q1 FY2027. The 10-K lists swings in demand and prices, and the industry's cycles, among its risks.
Watch Exabytes shipped against price per exabyte, in each 10-Q.
- Technology
Moving to new recording technology
The 10-K says failing to manage technology transitions, including the move to HAMR, could harm the business, and that gross margin could face pressure if new technology does not reach the yields it wants.
Watch What each 10-K and 10-Q says about HAMR, and gross margin.
- Regulation
Trade rules and tariffs
International sales were 60% of FY2026 revenue, and most of its assembly and test plants are in Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines and China. The 10-K names changes in US trade policy and tariffs as a risk.
Watch Tariff statements in each 10-Q.
- Execution
Some parts come from few suppliers
Western Digital buys every part except heads and disks from outside suppliers, and some come from a single source. The 10-K names its dependence on a limited number of qualified suppliers as a risk.
Watch Supply statements and purchase obligations ($310 million at Jul 3, 2026) in each 10-K.
- Pricing
Long-term agreements fix some prices
Western Digital sells to some customers under long-term agreements at predetermined or formula-based prices. The 10-K lists execution, financial and market risks in these agreements.
Watch What each 10-K says about long-term agreements.
- Other
More shares from convertible notes
Shares outstanding rose from 360.5 million on Aug 7, 2026 to 374.3 million on Oct 15, 2026, as convertible notes were settled partly in shares. The remaining $141 million of notes are called for Nov 16, 2026, and the company said it expects holders of substantially all of them to convert first; it pays the principal in cash and the rest in shares.
Watch Shares outstanding on the next 10-Q cover.
Sources (5)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025)
- Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026)
- 8-K filed Sep 14, 2026: notice to redeem all 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 on Nov 16, 2026
09Both sides
What do supporters and critics point to?
What supporters point to
- Hard drive revenue rose from $6.3 billion in FY2023 to $12.9 billion in FY2026, and was $4.4 billion in Q1 FY2027.
- Gross margin rose every quarter from 36.4% in Q1 FY2025 to 57.8% in Q1 FY2027.
- Reported revenue was above the guided range in four of the five quarters from Q1 FY2026 to Q1 FY2027, and within it in the fifth.
- Debt fell from $7.5 billion at Jun 28, 2024 to $791 million at Oct 2, 2026.
- FY2026 free cash flow was $3.5 billion, and buybacks and dividends took $2.78 billion of it.
What critics point to
- Western Digital had operating losses of $548 million in FY2023 and $403 million in FY2024.
- The top 10 customers bought 73% of FY2026 revenue, and Cloud was 88.9% of it.
- FY2026 net income of $9.4 billion included a $6.5 billion gain on Sandisk shares, and Western Digital held none at Jul 3, 2026.
- Shares outstanding rose from 360.5 million on Aug 7, 2026 to 374.3 million on Oct 15, 2026, as convertible notes were settled partly in shares.
- International sales were 60% of FY2026 revenue, and the 10-K names US trade policy and tariffs as a risk.
10What to watch next
What should you watch next at Western Digital?
Next event
Q2 FY2027 results
Date not announced yet.
Revenue against the $5.1 billion statement
Western Digital said on Oct 22, 2026 that it expected Q2 FY2027 revenue of $5.1 billion, plus or minus $100 million. Reported revenue was above or within its guided range in each of the last five quarters.
Exabytes against price per exabyte
Each 10-Q splits revenue growth into exabytes shipped and price per exabyte. In Q1 FY2027 Cloud exabytes rose more than 20% and the Cloud price per exabyte about 25%.
Share count after the note redemption
The remaining $141 million of convertible notes are called for Nov 16, 2026. Shares outstanding were 374.3 million on Oct 15, 2026.
11Key dates
What are the key dates for Western Digital?
| Event | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Remaining 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 redeemed$141 million of principal was outstanding at Oct 2, 2026. The company said it expects holders of substantially all of them to convert first; it pays the principal in cash and the rest in shares. | 8-K filed Sep 14, 2026: notice to redeem all 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 on Nov 16, 2026; Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026) | |
| Annual meeting of stockholdersHolders of record on Sep 22, 2026 can vote. | 2026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026) | |
| Quarterly dividend of $0.175 a share paidTo stockholders of record on Dec 4, 2026. | Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026) | |
| Revolving credit facility matures (January 2027)$650 million was drawn at Oct 2, 2026. | Not yet stated | Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026); Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026) |
Learn: How to read a proxy statement (DEF 14A): Nvidia's 2026 proxy
Sources (5)
- 8-K filed Sep 14, 2026: notice to redeem all 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 on Nov 16, 2026
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- 2026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026)
- Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
12Key facts
Key facts about Western Digital
- What does Western Digital do?
- Western Digital Corporation makes hard disk drives, which store data as magnetic marks on spinning disks. Western Digital sells them mainly to cloud data centers, and also for PCs and as external drives. Its FY2026 revenue was $12.9 billion. Its flash memory business became a separate company, Sandisk, on Feb 21, 2025.
- How does Western Digital make money?
- Western Digital makes money by selling hard drives, and its revenue depends on how much storage it ships and the price per unit of storage. Western Digital's FY2026 revenue rose 36% to $12.9 billion, from 25% more exabytes sold and an 8% higher average price per exabyte.
- What is Western Digital's business model?
- Western Digital designs and makes substantially all of the recording heads and magnetic disks inside its drives, and assembles and tests the drives in its own plants in Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, China and California. Western Digital sells to some customers under long-term agreements. FY2026 operating income was $4.5 billion on revenue of $12.9 billion.
- Who are Western Digital's customers?
- Western Digital sells to hyperscale cloud service providers, neoclouds, computer makers, resellers, distributors and retailers. Western Digital's top 10 customers were 73% of FY2026 revenue, and three customers bought 16%, 15% and 13%. Its filings do not name them.
- Is Western Digital profitable?
- Western Digital had FY2026 operating income of $4.5 billion on revenue of $12.9 billion. Western Digital's FY2026 net income of $9.4 billion included a $6.5 billion non-operating gain on Sandisk shares. Western Digital had operating losses of $548 million in FY2023 and $403 million in FY2024.
- What is Western Digital's revenue by segment?
- Western Digital has one reportable segment, hard drives, and reports revenue by end market. In FY2026 Cloud brought in $11.5 billion (88.9%), Client $726 million (5.6%) and Consumer $703 million (5.4%). Western Digital does not report profit by end market.
- Who owns Western Digital?
- Western Digital has one class of common stock with one vote per share, and 374.3 million shares on Oct 15, 2026. FMR reported 9.2% as of Sep 30, 2026. Western Digital's 2026 proxy lists BlackRock at 8.5%, Vanguard Capital Management at 7.5% and JPMorgan Chase at 5.3%, each from its own filing; 14 directors and executive officers held under 1%.
- What is Western Digital's Cloud business?
- Western Digital's Cloud business sells high-capacity enterprise hard drives for public and private cloud data centers, enterprise customers and smart video systems. Western Digital's Cloud revenue was $11.5 billion in FY2026 and $3.9 billion in Q1 FY2027, up 54% from a year earlier.
- What is Western Digital's Client business?
- Western Digital's Client business sells hard drives for desktop and notebook computers to device makers and channel customers. Western Digital's Client revenue was $726 million in FY2026 and $320 million in Q1 FY2027.
- What is Western Digital's Consumer business?
- Western Digital's Consumer business sells external hard drives through retail and channel partners around the world. Western Digital's Consumer revenue was $703 million in FY2026 and $193 million in Q1 FY2027.
Sources (6)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- 8-K filed Feb 24, 2025: completion of the Sandisk spin-off (Item 2.01)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- 2026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026)
- Schedule 13G/A by FMR LLC on Western Digital common stock (as of Sep 30, 2026)
Terms on this page
- Capital expenditures (capex)
- Customer concentration
- Debt-to-equity
- Earnings per share (EPS)
- EBITDA
- Free cash flow
- Gross margin
- Interest coverage
- Market cap
- Net debt
Each explains the term in plain English, with the same number from other companies on Cityfort.
Go deeper
More detail from the same filings. Open any section.
13What it sells
13What it sells
What does Western Digital sell?
Cloud ($11.5B in FY2026)
High-capacity enterprise hard drives for public and private cloud data centers, enterprise customers and smart video systems.
Client ($726M)
Hard drives for desktop and notebook computers, sold to device makers and channel customers.
Consumer ($703M)
External hard drives sold around the world through retail and channel partners.
Think of it like this
A hard drive works a bit like a record player: a tiny head on an arm writes and reads data as magnetic marks on spinning disks.
What it does
- Does: Designs and makes substantially all of the recording heads and magnetic disks in its drives
- Does: Assembles and tests drives in its own plants in Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, China and California
- Does: Sells to some customers under long-term agreements with predetermined or formula-based prices
What it does not do
- Does not: No longer sells flash memory: that business became Sandisk on Feb 21, 2025
- Does not: Does not name its customers
- Does not: Does not report profit for Cloud, Client or Consumer separately
- Does not: Held no Sandisk shares at Jul 3, 2026
14How the money flows
14How the money flows · FY2026
How does money flow through Western Digital?
Money in
- Cloud$11.5B
- Client$726M
- Consumer$703M
- Gain on Sandisk shares ($6,498M, not cash from customers) and interest income ($51M)$6.5B
The company
Western Digital
$19.5B came in
Money out
- Cost of revenue$6.6B
- Research and development$1.2B
- Selling, general and admin$551M
- Business realignment charges$146M
- Interest, debt and share exchange costs, and other expense$1.1B
- Income tax$481M
- Net income$9.4B
- Cloud data centers, PC makers and retail partners paid Western Digital $12.9 billion in FY2026.
- Cost of revenue, the cost of making the drives sold, took $6.6 billion.
- Research, sales, admin and realignment costs took $1.9 billion. That left $4.5 billion of operating income, or $34.5 per $100 of revenue.
- A $6.5 billion gain on the Sandisk shares it kept after the spin-off came in. Interest, $907 million of debt and share exchange costs and other expense took $1.1 billion.
- After $481 million of income tax, $9.4 billion was left as net income.
15What it needs to run
15What it needs to run
What does Western Digital need to run?
Heads and disks made in-house
Western Digital designs and makes substantially all of the recording heads and magnetic media in its drives. All other parts come from outside suppliers, some from a single source.
Assembly and test plants
Prachinburi and Bang Pa-In in Thailand; Penang, Johor Bahru and Kuching in Malaysia; Laguna in the Philippines; Shenzhen in China; and San Jose and Fremont in California.
Research and patents
About 4,700 active patents. Research and development cost $1.16 billion in FY2026.
People
About 40,000 employees in 24 countries at the end of FY2026, about 88% of them in Asia Pacific.
16Where it sells
16Where it sells · FY2026, by where products were shipped
Where does Western Digital sell?
- Americas44%
- Asia40%
- Europe, Middle East and Africa16%
17Competitors and what protects it
17Competitors and what protects it
Who does Western Digital compete with?
Seagate Technology Holdings plc
Named in Western Digital's FY2026 10-K as a hard drive competitor.
Toshiba Electronic Devices & Storage Corporation
Named in Western Digital's FY2026 10-K as a hard drive competitor.
What protects the business
Each strength is scored 1 (weak) to 5 (strong) for the business, with the reason. It is not a rating of the share.
- Own heads and disks3 of 5
Western Digital makes substantially all of its recording heads and magnetic media, so it relies less on other makers' technology for them, its 10-K says. The 10-K also says this can mean more capital spending and fixed costs.
- Patents and research3 of 5
About 4,700 active patents, and research and development spending of $1.16 billion in FY2026.
- Few hard drive rivals3 of 5
The 10-K names two hard drive competitors, Seagate and Toshiba, but also flash memory suppliers that offer another way to store data.
- Control over price2 of 5
Gross margin was 22.2% in FY2023 and 57.8% in Q1 FY2027. The 10-K lists customer demands to cut prices before it can cut costs among events it has faced and may face again.
Weak spot
A few large buyers
The top 10 customers bought 73% of FY2026 revenue, and three bought 16%, 15% and 13%. The 10-K names the loss of revenue from Cloud or other key customers as its first risk.
18Where growth could come from
18Where growth could come from
Where could Western Digital's growth come from?
Western Digital said on Oct 22, 2026 that it expected Q2 FY2027 revenue of $5.1 billion, plus or minus $100 million, and non-GAAP gross margin of 60% to 61%. It gives guidance only on a non-GAAP basis.
Cloud drives
Working$3.87B in Q1 FY2027, up 54%
Cloud revenue rose on more than 20% more exabytes shipped and an about 25% higher price per exabyte. The 10-Q says demand was for its high-capacity products.
Status: Working, on track against what the company said.
Drives for PCs
Working$320M in Q1 FY2027, up 119%
Client revenue rose on about 15% more exabytes and an about 90% higher price per exabyte. The 10-Q puts the price rise down to a shift to higher-capacity drives and better pricing.
Status: Working, on track against what the company said.
A wider customer base
EarlyTop 10 customers: 64% of Q1 FY2027 revenue
The top 10 share was 73% in Q1 FY2026, as shown in the Q1 FY2027 10-Q. The FY2026 10-K says more of its business may shift to neoclouds and other customers.
Status: Early, too early to judge.
HAMR, a new recording method
EarlyR&D of $1.16B in FY2026
The FY2026 10-K lists heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), which raises how much each drive holds, on its product roadmap. It also names the move to HAMR as a risk.
Status: Early, too early to judge.
Status compares progress with what the company itself said it would do: Working = on track against what the company said; Mixed = partly on track; Behind = behind the company's own plan; New = recently announced; Early = too early to judge.
19The company's own measures (non-GAAP)
19The company's own measures · FY2026 and Q1 FY2027
What do Western Digital's own measures show?
Official (GAAP): Operating income, FY2026
$4.5B
Company's own measure: Non-GAAP operating income, FY2026
$4.8B
Leaves out stock-based compensationPay given as shares instead of cash, which spreads ownership more thinly. Learn more, business realignment charges and some other items.
Official (GAAP): Net income, FY2026
$9.4B
Company's own measure: Non-GAAP net income, FY2026
$3.9B
Also leaves out the $6,498 million gain on Sandisk shares and the debt and share exchange costs, and makes tax adjustments, so it is well below GAAP net income this year.
Official (GAAP): Diluted EPS, FY2026
$24.28
Company's own measure: Non-GAAP diluted EPS, FY2026
$10.22
Same definition, per share. The non-GAAP share count also deducts shares covered by the company's capped call contracts.
Official (GAAP): Gross margin, Q1 FY2027
57.8%
Company's own measure: Non-GAAP gross margin, Q1 FY2027
58.1%
Leaves out stock-based compensation and other items in cost of revenue.
Official (GAAP): Diluted EPS, Q1 FY2027
$4.63
Company's own measure: Non-GAAP diluted EPS, Q1 FY2027
$4.64
Same definition. Western Digital held no Sandisk shares during this quarter.
These are the company's own measures, defined by the company. They are not comparable across companies, and they are not added together. Each sits beside the nearest official (GAAP) figure.
Learn: Non-GAAP measures: what a company's "adjusted" numbers leave out · Stock-based compensation and dilution: pay that becomes shares
20Financial strength and debt
20Financial strength · Oct 2, 2026
How much debt does Western Digital have?
- Total debt$791M
- Cash and investments$1.3B
- Net cash (cash minus debt)$523M
- Net worth (shareholders' money)$9.3B
- Debt to equity
- 0.08×
- $ of debt for every $1 of shareholders' money
- Interest cover
- 27×
- how many times operating profit covers interest
- Net cash of $523 million is a Cityfort calculation from the Q1 FY2027 earnings release and Q1 FY2027 10-Q: cash of $1,314 million minus debt principal of $791 million.
- Debt at Oct 2, 2026 was $650 million drawn on a revolving credit facility that matures in January 2027, and $141 million of 3.00% convertible notes due 2028, all called for redemption on Nov 16, 2026.
- The term loan and the senior notes due 2026, 2029 and 2032 were all retired in FY2026, partly with Sandisk shares.
- Interest coverage of 27.0 is FY2026 operating income divided by interest expense of $165 million (Cityfort calculation from the FY2026 10-K).
- Balance sheets before June 2025 include the flash business.
Sources (5)
- Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025)
- 8-K filed Sep 14, 2026: notice to redeem all 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 on Nov 16, 2026
21Who owns it
21Who owns it · ownership as of Sep 22, 2026
Who owns Western Digital?
- Officers and directors (as a group), shares
- 0.2%
Share classes
Holders of 5% or more
From the company's proxy statement (DEF 14A), later Schedule 13G filings and the share counts on its latest annual or quarterly report. Each holder row shows the date of its own filing.
Insider trades · Form 4 data as of Nov 6, 2026
What did Western Digital's insiders report trading?
Western Digital's insiders made 148 Form 4A filing an insider must make within two business days of buying or selling the company's shares. Learn more filings in the 12 months to Nov 6, 2026.
They reported no purchases and 220 sales (229,150 shares) in the open market or privately (codes P and S).
202 of the 220 sales were on forms with the Rule 10b5-1 plan box checked.
The same filings report 192 other share transactions (M: 88, F: 82, A: 16, G: 4, J: 2).
They also report 146 transactions in options, stock units or other derivatives.
Insiders are a company's officers, directors and owners of more than 10% of a class of its shares. Most changes in their holdings must be reported to the SEC on a Form 4 within two business days. Source: SEC Form 4 filings on EDGAR.
- P
- a purchase in the open market or privately
- S
- a sale in the open market or privately
- A
- a grant, award or other acquisition from the company under Rule 16b-3
- F
- shares withheld or handed over to pay an exercise price or tax when an award is received, exercised or vests
- M
- exercise or conversion of an option or other derivative, exempt under Rule 16b-3
- G
- a bona fide gift
- J
- another acquisition or disposition, described in a footnote
Code meanings: General Instruction 8 of Form 4 (SEC).
The latest 25 of 412 transactions
Shares: A = acquired, D = disposed of. A price the filing gives only in a footnote shows as “See filing”. The 10b5-1 box is checked when at least one trade on the form was made under a Rule 10b5-1 plan. A Form 4/A replaces the form it amends. See all of Western Digital's Form 4 filings on EDGAR.
Learn: How to read a proxy statement (DEF 14A): Nvidia's 2026 proxy · Form 4 insider filings: who files, the codes and the footnotes · Rule 10b5-1 trading plans: how insiders pre-schedule their trades
Sources (5)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- Schedule 13G/A by FMR LLC on Western Digital common stock (as of Sep 30, 2026)
- 2026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026)
- Schedule 13G by Vanguard Capital Management on Western Digital common stock (as of Mar 31, 2026)
22What it does with profit
22What it does with profit
What does Western Digital do with its profit?
Dividend per share
$0.50FY2026
Dividend paid for each share, by financial year.
$ per share
See the numbers
Buyback · May 9, 2025
Western Digital's Board authorized a $2.0 billion buyback.
$2.0B
Buyback · Feb 2, 2026
The Board authorized $4.0 billion more.
$4.0B
Buyback · Jul 3, 2026
FY2026: bought back 14.7 million shares for $2.59 billion. $3.26 billion of the authorization remained.
$2.6B
Buyback · Oct 2, 2026
Q1 FY2027: bought back 2.0 million shares for $1.00 billion. $2.26 billion of the authorization remained.
$1.0B
23Governance signals
23Governance signals
What do Western Digital's governance filings show?
- Auditor
- KPMG LLP
- Auditor changes
- None in the period covered
- Audit qualifications
- None reported
- Related-party dealings
- The 2026 proxy says Western Digital has had no related person transaction since the start of fiscal 2026. KPMG's FY2026 audit fees were $7.47 million.
- Credit rating
- No public credit rating found in a search of rating agency sites on Nov 6, 2026
Flags to know about
disclosure
No profit by end market
Western Digital has one reportable segment, so it gives revenue but not profit for Cloud, Client and Consumer.
disclosure
Customers not named
The FY2026 10-K does not name customers, though the top 10 bought 73% of revenue and three bought 10% or more each.
disclosure
FY2022 hard drive figures are unaudited
After the Sandisk spin-off, the company recast FY2022 to FY2024 without the flash business in an 8-K filed Apr 7, 2025. Its FY2022 figures appear only there, as preliminary and unaudited.
disclosure
Credit ratings not stated in filings
The FY2026 10-K says interest on its bank debt depends on its corporate credit ratings but does not state them. This page shows no rating because none could be confirmed from a rating agency's own release.
other
SPEX patent case on appeal
In a patent case brought by SPEX, a jury awarded SPEX $316 million and the court's January 2025 judgment added $237 million of prejudgment interest. On Jun 27, 2025 the court entered an amended judgment of $1 in nominal damages. Western Digital has appealed the infringement finding and SPEX has appealed damages issues; the 10-K says no liability is accrued because the company believes a loss is not probable.
other
Share policies
Western Digital's insider trading policy bars hedging company shares and using them as collateral for loans.
Sources (4)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- 2026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- 8-K filed Apr 7, 2025, Ex. 99.1: preliminary unaudited financials recast with the Flash business as discontinued operations (FY2022-FY2024, Q1 FY2024-Q2 FY2025)
24What the market paid
24What the market paid · price as of Nov 5, 2026
What did the market pay for Western Digital on Nov 5, 2026?
Price as of Nov 5, 2026 (shown for education; prices change daily).
Price as of Nov 5, 2026: Western Digital closed at $267.63 on Nasdaq. Times 374.3 million shares (Oct 15, 2026), that is a market value of about $100.2 billion (Cityfort calculation from the Nov 5, 2026 Nasdaq closing price and the Q1 FY2027 10-Q). P/E is price ÷ earnings per share: 10.4 on $25.77, the sum of the last four quarters' diluted EPS (Cityfort calculation from the Q2 FY2026 to Q1 FY2027 earnings releases). Those earnings include $5.9 billion of gains on Sandisk shares in Q2 to Q4 FY2026. P/B is market value ÷ shareholders' equity: 10.7 on equity of $9.3 billion at Oct 2, 2026 (Cityfort calculation from the Q1 FY2027 earnings release).
- Share price
- $267.63
- Market value (market cap)
- $100.2B
- P/E
- 10.4×
- P/B
- 10.7×
More price-based ratios · as of Nov 5, 2026
Each ratio divides a number from the company's filings by the market value or share price on Nov 5, 2026. Prices change daily, so these ratios do too.
Price to sales (P/S)
6.9×
$100.2B market value ÷ $14.5B revenue (four quarters to Oct 2, 2026) = 6.9×
Cityfort calculation from the Nov 5, 2026 closing price and the Q2 FY2026 to Q1 FY2027 earnings releases. Source: WDC historical quotes, Nasdaq (close of Nov 5, 2026: $267.63); Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026); Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026) and 3 more
How price ratios workDividend yield
0.19%
$0.50 dividends per share (FY2026) ÷ $267.63 share price = 0.19%
Cityfort calculation from the FY2026 10-K and the Nov 5, 2026 closing price. Source: WDC historical quotes, Nasdaq (close of Nov 5, 2026: $267.63); Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026); Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026) and 4 more
What dividend yield meansFree cash flow yield
3.5%
$3.5B free cash flow (FY2026) ÷ $100.2B market value = 3.5%
Cityfort calculation from the FY2026 10-K and the Nov 5, 2026 closing price. Source: WDC historical quotes, Nasdaq (close of Nov 5, 2026: $267.63); Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026); Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026) and 4 more
What free cash flow means
Shares used for the market value: 374.3 million ($267.63 × 374.3 million shares ≈ $100.2B). Source: Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026); Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
Source: WDC historical quotes, Nasdaq (close of Nov 5, 2026: $267.63); Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026); Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026) and 3 more
Sources (7)
- WDC historical quotes, Nasdaq (close of Nov 5, 2026: $267.63)
- Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026)
- Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026)
- Q4 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Aug 5, 2026)
- Q3 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Apr 30, 2026)
- Q2 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jan 29, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
25How it got here
25How it got here
How did Western Digital get here?
1970
Milestone
Founded
Western Digital was founded in 1970. It is headquartered in San Jose, California.
2023
Crisis
Hard drive revenue fell
FY2023 hard drive revenue fell 30.8% to $6.3 billion, and the operating loss was $548 million. FY2024 had a further operating loss of $403 million.
2025
Business-model change
Flash business spun off as Sandisk
On Feb 21, 2025 Western Digital completed the spin-off, giving its stockholders one Sandisk share for every three Western Digital shares. It kept 28.8 million Sandisk shares.
2025
Milestone
Buyback and dividend started
The Board authorized a $2.0 billion buyback on May 9, 2025, and a quarterly dividend began in Q4 FY2025.
2026
Milestone
Debt cut with Sandisk shares
In February 2026 Western Digital used 5.8 million Sandisk shares to retire its bridge loan and term loan, redeemed its 2026, 2029 and 2032 notes, and converted all its preferred stock into common shares.
2026
Milestone
Last Sandisk shares exchanged
In Q4 FY2026 it exchanged its last 1.7 million Sandisk shares for 4.8 million of its own shares, and held none at Jul 3, 2026. In June it also exchanged $858 million of convertible notes for cash and shares.
2026
Milestone
Remaining convertible notes called
After another exchange in August, on Sep 14, 2026 Western Digital gave notice to redeem all remaining 3.00% convertible notes on Nov 16, 2026.
Sources (11)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026)
- Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025)
- 8-K filed Apr 7, 2025, Ex. 99.1: preliminary unaudited financials recast with the Flash business as discontinued operations (FY2022-FY2024, Q1 FY2024-Q2 FY2025)
- 8-K filed Feb 24, 2025: completion of the Sandisk spin-off (Item 2.01)
- 8-K filed Feb 9, 2026: 4.750% senior notes due 2026 redeemed, indenture discharged
- 8-K filed Feb 18, 2026: mandatory conversion of the Series A convertible preferred stock
- 8-K filed Feb 24, 2026: preferred stock eliminated; 2.850% notes due 2029 and 3.100% notes due 2032 redeemed
- 8-K filed Jun 3, 2026: exchange of about $858.4 million of 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 for cash and shares
- 8-K filed Jun 11, 2026: exchange of 1,038,681 Sandisk shares for Western Digital shares
- 8-K filed Aug 26, 2026: exchange of about $191.0 million of 3.00% convertible notes due 2028
- 8-K filed Sep 14, 2026: notice to redeem all 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 on Nov 16, 2026
26Sources and changes
Where every number on this page comes from
Sources (24 documents)
- S1Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (year ended Jul 3, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Aug 14, 2026
- S2Form 10-Q, Q1 fiscal 2027 (quarter ended Oct 2, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Oct 23, 2026
- S3Q1 fiscal 2027 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 22, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Oct 22, 2026
- S4Q4 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Aug 5, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Aug 5, 2026
- S5Q3 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Apr 30, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Apr 30, 2026
- S6Q2 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jan 29, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Jan 29, 2026
- S7Q1 fiscal 2026 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Oct 30, 2025) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Oct 30, 2025
- S8Q4 fiscal 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Jul 30, 2025) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Jul 30, 2025
- S9Q3 fiscal 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K Ex. 99.1, Apr 30, 2025) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Apr 30, 2025
- S10Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (year ended Jun 27, 2025) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Aug 14, 2025
- S11Form 10-K, fiscal 2024 (year ended Jun 28, 2024) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Aug 20, 2024
- S188-K filed Apr 7, 2025, Ex. 99.1: preliminary unaudited financials recast with the Flash business as discontinued operations (FY2022-FY2024, Q1 FY2024-Q2 FY2025) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Apr 7, 2025
- S198-K filed Feb 24, 2025: completion of the Sandisk spin-off (Item 2.01) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Feb 24, 2025
- S202026 proxy statement (DEF 14A, annual meeting Nov 20, 2026) · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Oct 5, 2026
- S21Schedule 13G/A by FMR LLC on Western Digital common stock (as of Sep 30, 2026) · FMR LLC (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Nov 5, 2026
- S22Schedule 13G by Vanguard Capital Management on Western Digital common stock (as of Mar 31, 2026) · Vanguard Capital Management (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Apr 30, 2026
- S248-K filed Feb 9, 2026: 4.750% senior notes due 2026 redeemed, indenture discharged · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Feb 9, 2026
- S258-K filed Feb 18, 2026: mandatory conversion of the Series A convertible preferred stock · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Feb 18, 2026
- S268-K filed Feb 24, 2026: preferred stock eliminated; 2.850% notes due 2029 and 3.100% notes due 2032 redeemed · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Feb 24, 2026
- S278-K filed Jun 3, 2026: exchange of about $858.4 million of 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 for cash and shares · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Jun 3, 2026
- S288-K filed Jun 11, 2026: exchange of 1,038,681 Sandisk shares for Western Digital shares · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Jun 11, 2026
- S298-K filed Aug 26, 2026: exchange of about $191.0 million of 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Aug 26, 2026
- S308-K filed Sep 14, 2026: notice to redeem all 3.00% convertible notes due 2028 on Nov 16, 2026 · Western Digital Corporation (SEC EDGAR) · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Sep 14, 2026
- S32WDC historical quotes, Nasdaq (close of Nov 5, 2026: $267.63) · Nasdaq, Inc. · Tier 1: company or exchange filing · Nov 5, 2026
Changes to this page (v1 · Nov 6, 2026)
- v1 · Nov 6, 2026First version. (first version)
Numbers come only from tier 1 and tier 2 sources. Read how we research.
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